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来源：乐发彩票注册网2024-01-28 17:48

房地产并购重组需谨慎处理三大关键点******

　　王丽新

　　新年伊始，房企处置资产、启动并购重组计划不断出炉。据不完全统计，自2022年11月底“第三支箭”落地以来，涉房企业披露的收并购案总交易对价超过576亿元。

　　支持房企股权融资的“第三支箭”发出，正进一步有效化解房企风险，加快推动行业风险出清，对“稳预期、稳信心、稳投资”起到重要作用。但从实操层面来看，其中涉及并购重组的交易资金规模大、并购程序繁琐，方案是否成功也存在不确定性。在笔者看来，这期间，上市房企需谨慎处理三大关键点。

　　并购前期，需理性选择适合企业自身的并购标的。在当下的市场格局中，稳健型房企有发展优势、有扩表需求，可供其“挑选”的资产标的池子也很大。但不同企业业务布局、细分市场话语权、主力产品业态以及战略发展方向均各有特色，背后的大股东资源也不尽相同。并购重组是企业发展历程中的大事，需顺应市场需求，仔细甄别被并购标的资产质量、经营状况、企业文化与管理等方方面面是否与自身匹配，不能盲目选择标的，要“补短板优长处”，采用合理的估值方法进行评估，实现“1+1＞2”效应。

　　并购中期，需做好尽调以及匹配最优的并购方式。不同于其他行业，房地产行业并购重组涉及的资产标的多数都是正在开发或销售的项目，周期较长，少则一两年多则十年八年才能清盘交付，这其中参与方较多，夹杂“明股实债”等现象，背后的债权关系复杂，需充分尽调，确保风险指数处在可控范围内且有收益空间，谨慎对待再出手。

　　此外，涉及并购重组的双方都应跟随政策节点，谨慎考量支付以及融资方式，无论是向特定投资者非公开发行股份募资，还是现金支付等，都需最大可能地寻找长期且成本较低的资金。毕竟，合理的并购方式能确保企业在并购过程中及时避免和合理应对风险，进而保证现金流安全。

　　并购后期，需注重业务协同及资源整合，达到提升效益的目的。当闯过前面的重重难关，并购项目进入落地阶段时，往往是实现有质量的并购重组最重要的一环。若企业实施并购重组后能在业务、经营、财务以及人力等方面达到很好地融合，其成果将快速在财务报表及业务模式方面形成良性循环。反之，并购标的则会成为收购方业绩表现的“拖油瓶”。

　　更重要的是，要想实施好房地产行业并购重组，需强化对上市房企、涉房上市公司并购重组、再融资的监管力度。一方面，收购方收进来的须是优质资产，才能更好地发挥资本市场优化资源配置的作用；另一方面，上市房企、涉房上市公司的再融资，需市场主体有真正融资和业务需求才能启动，更要保证并购重组的配套融资真正用在方案提及的项目以及“保交付”的项目中，否则会与发出“第三支箭”的初衷背道而驰。

　　总体而言，在行业风险持续出清过程中，并购重组活动有望逐渐增加。企业整合资源后，经营状况有望改善，同时将淘汰落后企业，改善产业结构，优化行业资产负债表，推动房地产行业朝着更好的方向发展。

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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.